How To Create Txt File In Python
Summary: in this tutorial, you'll learn how to write to text files in Python.
TL;DR
The following illustrates how to write a string to a text file:
Code language: JavaScript ( javascript )
with open('readme.txt', 'w') as f: f.write('readme')
Steps for writing to text files
To write to a text file in Python, you follow these steps:
- First, open the text file for writing (or appending) using the
open()
function. - Second, write to the text file using the
write()
orwritelines()
method. - Third, close the file using the
close()
method.
The following shows the basic syntax of the open()
function:
f = open(path_to_file, mode)
The open()
function accepts many parameters. But you'll focus on the first two:
- The
path_to_file
parameter specifies the path to the text file that you want to open for writing. - The
mode
parameter specifies the mode for which you want to open the text file.
For writing to a text file, you use one of the following modes:
Mode | Description |
---|---|
'w' | Open a text file for writing text |
'a' | Open a text file for appending text |
The open()
function returns a file object. And the file object has two useful methods for writing text to the file: write()
and writelines()
.
The write()
method writes a string to a text file and the writelines()
method write a list of strings to a file at once.
In fact, the writelines()
method accepts an iterable object, not just a list, so you can pass a tuple of strings, a set of strings, etc., to the writelines()
method.
To write a line to a text file, you need to manually add a new line character:
Code language: JavaScript ( javascript )
f.write('\n') f.writelines('\n')
And it's up to you to add the new line characters.
Writing text file examples
The following example shows how to use the write()
function to write a list of texts to a text file:
Code language: JavaScript ( javascript )
lines = ['Readme', 'How to write text files in Python'] with open('readme.txt', 'w') as f: for line in lines: f.write(line) f.write('\n')
If the readme.txt file doesn't exist, the open()
function will create a new file.
The following shows how to write a list of text strings to a text file:
Code language: JavaScript ( javascript )
lines = ['Readme', 'How to write text files in Python'] with open('readme.txt', 'w') as f: f.writelines(lines)
If you treat each element of the list as a line, you need to concatenate it with the newline character like this:
Code language: JavaScript ( javascript )
lines = ['Readme', 'How to write text files in Python'] with open('readme.txt', 'w') as f: f.write('\n'.join(lines))
Appending text files
To append to a text file, you need to open the text file for appending mode. The following example appends new lines to the readme.txt
file:
Code language: JavaScript ( javascript )
more_lines = ['', 'Append text files', 'The End'] with open('readme.txt', 'a') as f: f.writelines('\n'.join(more_lines))
Output:
Writing to a UTF-8 text file
If you write UTF-8 characters to a text file using the code from the previous examples, you'll get an error like this:
Code language: HTML, XML ( xml )
UnicodeEncodeError: 'charmap' codec can't encode characters in position 0-44: character maps to <undefined>
To open a file and write UTF-8 characters to a file, you need to pass the encoding='utf-8'
parameter to the open()
function.
The following example shows how to write UTF-8 characters to a text file:
Code language: JavaScript ( javascript )
quote = '成功を収める人とは人が投げてきたレンガでしっかりした基盤を築くことができる人のことである。' with open('quotes.txt', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f: f.write(quote)
Summary
- Use the
open()
function with thew
ora
mode to open a text file for appending. - Always close the file after completing writing using the
close()
method or use thewith
statement when opening the file. - Use
write()
andwritelines()
methods to write to a text file. - Pass the
encoding='utf-8'
to theopen()
function to write UTF-8 characters into a file.
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How To Create Txt File In Python
Source: https://www.pythontutorial.net/python-basics/python-write-text-file/
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